地震Earthquakes,台风、and typhoons, 火山爆发volcanic eruptions,海啸； tsunami,内涝、 waterlogging高温、high temperature雷电、 lightning大雾、fog, 灰霾haze旱灾dry damage洪涝flood风暴潮storm tide 冻害 freeze injury雹灾disaster caused by hail 滑坡hill-creep; landslide泥石流mud-rock flow森林火灾forest-fire水土流失soil and water loss沙尘暴sand storm; dust storm